What is DC Generator?


Contemporary developments are aiming towards eliminating direct current machines such as the DC generator, but they are still extensively used when a very smooth voltage is required, which cannot be achieved by a synchronous alternator with a diode or a network adapter. The basic parts are stator and rotor. The stator is usually made of permanent magnet, while the rotor from soft iron with copper conductors through which the current flows. The current is fed to the rotor via brushes that come across segments of copper. In order to rotate the rotor continuously and not to make a short circuit when the brush touches two adjacent segments, the rotor must have at least three segments, while usually there are more than 10. The DC current of the stator winding creates a permanent magnetic field. Rotor rotates in this magnetic field and due to dynamic induction, it produces an EMC. All electromotive forces under one pole are in the same direction, and under another in the opposite direction. The EMC under one pole are added and their total value is obtained on the brushes. The value of EMC in one winding changes from zero, when the contour is normal on the magnetic lines of the force, over the maximum, when the contour is parallel to the axis of the poles. The current changes the intensity, but it does not change direction, and it forms a pulsating wave. In order to avoid the pulsating current, a filter is inserted.




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